Insane or Sane - 1414 Words

Is He Truly Insane? â€Å"The man denies that he is insane. He offers proof. Can you believe him?† (Poe, 22) This is one of the most intriguing lines in the short story ‘The Tell Tale Heart’ written by Edgar Allan Poe. This quote defines the whole purpose of the short story in fewer than two sentences. The whole story is dedicated to proving that the narrator in the short story is actually, sane. Due to many pieces of evidence, one can have various opinions in debating whether the narrator is insane or sane. For instance, the narrator in the story watched the old man sleep for countless days, cut up the corps of the old man and placed in under the boards, and claimed he heard the heartbeat of the old man once he was dead. Therefore it†¦show more content†¦The narrator acted calmly. â€Å"I took my visitors all over the house. I blade them search – search well. I led them, at length, to his chamber.† (Poe, 25) This quote from the story tells us that the narrator showed courage, giving the impression that he had ‘nothing’ to hide (whi ch he did). After the police officers started to believe the narrator, the narrator started to hear a sound. It was the heartbeat of the old man. He then spoke louder, so loud so that the police officers wouldn’t be able to hear the â€Å"sound.† â€Å"The ringing in my ears: but still they sat and still chatted. The ringing became more distinct- it continued and became more distinct; I talked more freely to get rid of the feeling; but it continued and gained definiteness- until, at length, I found that the noise was not within his ears.† (Poe, 26) This lets readers know that the sound of the old man’s heartbeat, the same heartbeat that he heard before he killed him, was getting louder and louder. â€Å"Was it possible they heard not? Almighty God! –no, no! They heard! - They suspected! - They knew! - They were making a mockery of my horror! - this I thought, and this I think.† (Poe, 26) This means that the narrator thought that the police o fficers were able to hear the heartbeat and were just mocking him, so that he would turn himself in. After a while theShow MoreRelatedSane Or Insane, Insane928 Words   |  4 PagesSane or Insane It was said in the 1970 s most Psychiatric professionals predicted their own beliefs while diagnosing a patient on their mental and social suitability. Daniel Rosenhand a professor of law and psychology at Stanford has decided to take the time and do research on how patients are diagnosed accurately. Although Rosenhand was aware the major social role psychiatrists have, he was determined to figure out if the patients are really insane as they were evaluated to be. Although ResenhandRead MoreHamlet Insane or Sane Essay783 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet- Sane or Insane In Shakespeares play Hamlet the main character Hamlet experiences many different and puzzling emotions. He toys with the idea of killing himself and then plays with the idea of murdering others. Many people ask themselves who or what is this man and what is going on inside his head. The most common question asked about him is whether or not he is sane or insane. Although the door seems to swing both ways many see him as a sane person with one thought on his mind,Read MoreBeing Sane And Insane Places1216 Words   |  5 Pages In the article On Being Sane in Insane Places, the problem is trying to figure out if sane people can be distinguished from the insane and what is or is not normal. This article talks about an experiment that was done to see if sane people were detected from the insane or not and how it was conducted. It states that â€Å"normality is distinct enough that it can be recognized wherever it occurs, for it is carried within a person.† This article will prove if this theory is correct or not and howRead MoreInsane Or Sane By Lauren Slater1266 Words   |  6 PagesInsane or Sane While reading the story Opening Skinners Box wrote by Lauren Slater there was a chapter that made me look at the world like I do and how sometimes the world relates to a story. The chapter was On Being Sane in Insane Places† while reading this chapter I seen and I was thinking that some of the things being said in the book was true. Sometimes people make wrong choices and they chose paths that lead them to bad consequence. Then we have those people that are born with this, bad consequencesRead Moreâ€Å"On Being Sane in Insane Places† Essay763 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"On Being Sane in Insane Places† It was very interesting to read about Rosenhans study and how psychiatrists, who go through big coursework and training, could wrongly classify a patient. It surprised me how some psychiatrists couldn’t say they don’t know what’s wrong with patients instead they could possibly diagnose someone as insane. Though reading this chapter I found the strange things from Rosenhan’s study that was hard to believe. Slater states, â€Å"The strange thing was, the other patientsRead MoreArticle Review : On Being Sane Insane Places 952 Words   |  4 PagesThe article â€Å"On Being Sane in Insane Places† by D.L. Rosenhan was first published in Science in 1973. Rosenhan was a professor at Stanford University and this article is about one of his most famous experiments. The article is about the curiosities Rosenhan had in regards to sanity. He wanted to know if there was any valid way of determining if a person was actually â€Å"insane† and if sanity was real. The experiment he devised included himself as one of eight pseudopatients, as he puts it, who malingeredRead MoreBilly Pilgrim: Sane or Insane? Essay1144 Words   |  5 Pagesand morbid events differently than others. Billy accepts a way of life that is not perceivable to other humans. Many would argue that Billy ’s experiences make him insane, but Billy’s experiences with the Tralfamadorians actually allows him to preserve his sanity, and stay a very intelligent man. Many argue that Billy is completely insane. Their position may include the fact that Billy never mentioned the planet Tralfamadore before he got into the plane crash. This is a great point because an eventRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poem, The Insane And The Sane976 Words   |  4 Pagesvaluable. Thus, imagination and enjoyment should not be constrained by the stigma of having a different worldview. Moreover, it uses metaphors to connect both world: the insane and the sane. The opening, â€Å"We Grow accustomed to the Dark.† In this, I found a sense of friendliness with the mentally ill. It uses â€Å"dark† as a metaphor for the insane to contrast with the light which is sanity. In other words, Dickinson, creates a contrast between two scenarios: one that I will call sun and the other moon. TheyRead MoreCritical Evaluation of Rosenhans Study on Being Sane in Insane Places1571 Words   |  7 PagesThe question of what it means to be labelled ‘psychologically abnormal’ is examined closely in Rosenhans study of ‘On Being Sane in Insane Places’. This study highlights the usefulness and consequences of being diagnostically labelled. Rosenhans study ‘On Being Sane in Insane Places’ tests the hypothesis that ‘We cannot distinguish the sane from the insane in psychiatric hospitals’. (Rosenhan, 1973) This study is an influential criticism in testing the validity of psychiatric diagnoses, contextualRead MoreWhy Sane Individuals Can Be Distinguished From Insane Individuals1340 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Ronson and Rosenhan, there is a question of whether sane individuals can be distinguished from insane individuals. They suggest that psychotherapists are too quick to label someone with a psychiatric disorder and in numerous cases they miss the mark. An inaccurate diagnosis of a mental disorder may cause a person to receive treatment they do not need, and possibly not receive the treatment that they do need. This causes countless problems for the patient, including difficulty acquiring

Professional Development Training Framework For Students

Professional Development Training Framework WRiTE BRAiN offers a vast menu of staff development opportunities for all types of education communities: school day professionals, after school instructors/facilitators, charter and independent school teachers, community leaders and parents. Our goal is to provide seamless support on an ongoing basis to ensure the success of WRiTE BRAiN in your school or program. Our educational services are customized to the needs of your class and students. We offer an innovative, easily implemented curricula and professional development program to sustain and inspire educators throughout the authoring process. Our trainings include a hands-on, interactive overview of the WRiTE BRAiN BOOKS program and†¦show more content†¦o WRiTE BRAiN: Creative and Narrative Writing ï‚ § Participants will learn how WRiTE BRAiN is designed to engage students in a creative writing process that will ignite excitement about writing and how as a result, students find their own voices and build their self-esteem. We present over five creative writing activities for participants to take back into their classrooms. o WRiTE BRAiN and 21st Century Learning Skills/Project Based Learning ï‚ § Participants will learn how the collaborative and self-directed disguised learning process is a gateway to career and college readiness skills. We will share how students who participate in the WRiTE BRAiN program become stronger communicators and collaborators and better critical and analytical thinkers. Furthermore, we will share how students build more confidence in their personal and academic lives. o WRiTE BRAiN and Family/Community Engagement ï‚ § In this session, we reveal how other schools are creating family and community events with WRiTE BRAiN BOOKS. In a guided brainstorming session, we will help participants create which planned events and engagement activities suit their communities best. o WRiTE BRAiN and Common Core or your State Standards ï‚ § We are aligned with everything! If your state is aligning with the Common Core or otherwise, this training will help participants understand how WRiTE BRAiN is naturally aligned with any ELA standard in theShow MoreRelatedThe Leading Theories For Development Of Adult Education Programs Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesAndragogy and TPACK have been the leading theories for development of adult education programs and curricula. This white paper will provide various reasons to support the need for professional training programs to be implemented into educational settings for instructional leaders, coaches and supervisors. As the technological era continues to grow and flourish, instructional leaders are not able to effectively support instructors in implementing the technological, pedagogical, and content knowledgeRead MoreAnalysis Of Napavine School District Action Plan Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesskills in every student through instruction that is individually relevant, m otivating, aligned and diverse. Our action plan is for both the elementary and junior/senior high schools to utilize the Marzano Instructional Framework as a guide to student learning and professional growth. We have established that building administrators and teachers will utilize the Marzano Frameworks to guide professional growth discussions, goal setting meetings, and to identify future professional development opportunitiesRead MoreTeacher Training Of Assistive Instructional Technology939 Words   |  4 PagesTeacher training in assistive instructional technology (AIT) has been a topic of discussion that has heightened with the drive for differentiated instruction. Although, research has been extensively conducted on pre-service training, not much research has indicated the success of teacher training in assistive instructional technology for in-service experienced teachers (Edyburn, 2014). 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According to Danielson (2008), â€Å"the term evidence is intended to convey the conversations aboutRead MoreIep Reflection Paper1092 Words   |  5 Pagesfor Differentiated Education Environment April 8, 2012 Critical Thinking Questions The six-column framework for differentiated instruction proposes that if we are trying to comprehend and construct classrooms in which differentiated instruction can grow, there are several components that we need to search and be mindful of in our preparation and teaching. Educators must explore the framework and recognize what they are already utilizing in the classroom and why these components are needed forRead MoreThe Impact Of Community Violence On Children And Youth900 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature examines the influence it has on teachers teaching in urban schools (Maring Koblinsky, 2013). 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Mental Health Problem Among the Australian Population

Question: Discuss about the Mental Health for Problem Among the Australian Population. Answer: Investigate prevalence/incidences of suicide /depression in various age groups and risk groups in Australia Mental disorder is a major health problem among the Australian population. The National Mental Health Report 2013, has evidenced that it affected 3% of the countrys population. The most common mental illnesses are depression, anxiety, substance use, schizophrenia, bipolar, and schizo-affective disorders (AIHW, 2014). Mental disorders ruin individuals and families, causing a disastrous effect on the community. The illnesses disrupt cognitive, emotional and social abilities, leading to economic risks and decreased productivity (McLachlan et al., 2013). Mental disorders of serious types will result in the patients isolation, stigma, and social discrimination (Morgan et al., 2011). There is a general belief that mental illnesses, like depression, are caused by disruptions in personal life.. But, in reality, the real causes are unknown, as different factors act in association with personal life, something either recent or past, such as family conflicts, friendship break-up, failure in love-life and exams, traumatic experiences, and many more, can cause depression in people (Purcell et al., 2013). The Psychological Data Survey of 2012 provides necessary information about the different types of nervous conditions. It also reveals related data like impairments, patients and families affected, mental health services received or disrupted, suicide ideation, homelessness, demographic, and socioeconomic features (ABS, 2015). As per a research on STB, suicide attempts share 48%, while suicidal ideation accounts 38%. This indicates that societal approaches will not reduce the STB risk factors (Bruffaerts et al., 2015) causing depression, anxiety, and substance use mental disorders in 20% of Australians, aged 16-15. The prevalence of mental disorders in the children and adolescent of 4-17 age group is an alarming 13.9%, which means one in seven Australian children is suffering from mental illnesses (Lawrence et al., 2015). It is estimated that 23% of Australians experience severe and disabling forms of mental depression and anxiety. 4-6% of the population have moderate, and 9-12% have mild mental disorders. In 2011 alone, 754 deaths occurred due to mental depression, of which most were the result of substance use (DoHA, 2013). The indigenous population has a higher risk, the factors being stigmas and environmental factors (Kolves et al., 201). The reason for these negative outcomes in the health sector was due to the prevalence of psychotic illnesses in Australia (MHSA, 2016). A large section of women is prone to anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders. This includes antenatal and perinatal mental disorders. Though young mothers, smokers, low income groups, overweight, etc., have a higher percentage of perinatal depression, its percentage is very less, in highly educated and upper strata females (AIHW, 2012). Hospitalization and recovery measures Mental illness is a persons disturbed behavior and inconsistent mental working, because of neurologic conditions. Psychiatric hospitalization is essential to prevent them from suicides, and its rejection can bring setbacks (Loch, 2014). A short term hospitalization will help them from harming themselves and others, though they regard such hospitalizations as a violation of their rights (Danzer Stone, 2015). Therefore, it is necessary to infuse hope and recovery feeling in mental patients. All coercive measures should be reduced, and cooperative strategy must be adopted. Nurse interactions are needed, allowing patients to make choices of their own, within their capacities. Such interventions can reduce traumatic and consequences of involuntary hospitalization and medication. Building an honest and trusting patient-nurse relationship will invite patients cooperation in receiving medical help (Danzer Stone, 2015). Using current literature, discuss factors that may have contributed to the development of the clients presentation, mental health concerns and risks. Ensure you highlight at least 2 factors. A psychiatric presentation demonstrates a mental disorder, and its diagnoses are made with validity, specificity and inter-rater reliability. The treatment is achieved through scientific methods. However, medical illnesses can display symptoms relating to a psychiatric origin. After a medical condition, the symptoms of a particular mental disorder are identifiable for another mental disorder. If it is not diagnosed attentively, such a misdiagnose will place the patient in a dangerous position (Castro, Billick, 2013). If a medical condition is misdiagnosed as a psychiatric disorder, it can lead to complicated situations, such as denial of proper medical care to the patient, and allegations of malpractices, and ethics dereliction. It can also bring legal action against those practitioners for negligent diagnosis (Shapiro, Smith, 2011). Sometimes, it may become difficult to identify patients who have non psychiatric symptoms of their mental illness, as primary mental illness and medical conditions may exist at the same time suppressing the symptoms. These happen when there is traumatic impact of prolonged psychological or physical mistreatment, resulting in Neuro-cognitive symptoms (Pollak Miller, 2011). The medical condition discussed herein, includes physiological consequences of all medical diseases, substance disorders, and neurological disorders, resulting in mental health difficulties. Such conditions are visible in various peoples, who have medically risky behaviors. Their family history will reveal mental complaint accounts, elder persons with dual diagnosis, and people unaccustomed to medical advice. So, errors in diagnosing medical conditions can bring negative outcomes, ethics complaints, and legal action for negligent diagnosis (Pollak Miller, 2011). Risk factors The risk factors of biological, psychological, societal, and cultural levels can lead to negative outcomes. A persons genetic predisposition to alcohol exposure prenatally is an individual level risk factor. Effective treatment minimizes these risk factors, by improving the protective factors. The Strategic Prevention Framework can help the nursing professionals in identifying these risk factors (SAMHSA, 2015). Modifiable biomedical risk factors are dependent on behavioral risk factors (AIHW, 2016), whereas, variable risk factors relate to an individuals income level, peer group, childhood adversities, and employment status. Preventive factors alleviate the impact of risk factors, through improved social competence. Some of these risks and protective factors do not change over time. Targeting a single context, relating to individuals risk or protective factors, will not bring the desired outcome (SAMHSA, 2015). Most of the mental disorders are caused by genetic, psychological, and environmental factors. Medical conditions, like heart disease, diabetes, cancer, etc., can predispose a person towards mental illness. Environmentally, adversities in living conditions during childhood, loss of parents, poverty, parental violence, harassment, etc., are risk factors for developing mental illnesses (Edward, 2015). Using current literature, discuss the ethical and legal issues related to your scenario (ensure you discuss at least one ethical issue and at least one legal issue). Your work should include reference to ethical principles. Nursing extends preventative, curative, and supportive care to clients. They also provide restorative and palliative care, and maintain professional relationships with their patients, families, and communities (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2016). Nursing ethics affirms moral judgment, by protecting human dignity and recognizing patients belief, as well as privacy (Shahriari et al., 2013). For collecting information from Lorraine, the nurse practitioner, being convinced of own competence, respected her dignity to use her self determination, adhering to the Nonmaleficence principle of nursing. And, assuring no harm, gave medication, honoring the Beneficence and Autonomy Principles. Lorraine was given treatment equality, and extended quality care with dedication, resonating the principles of Justice, Fidelity, and Totality and Integrity (Phang, 2014). Ethical issues Ethics is the process of perception, critical thinking, and analysis of information, gathered from keen observation and experience. As such, critical thinking and related procedures are vital in nursing practice (Papathanasiou et al., 2014). According to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2015), nurses should honor patients confidentiality right. When Lorraine came to the GP surgery, she was emotionally inconsistent, and was presenting symptoms of mental disorder. An assessment of the disorder could be possible only if she could reveal her personal information (Scenario B), after committing protection of confidentiality. This obligation, being ethical, restricts the nursing professional from disclosing patient information to others. But, the efforts to keep confidentiality are overshadowed with all the information going to records electronically, posing a greater challenge to it. As per the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act of 1997 (HIPAA), medical institutions must protect the electronic information of the patient (Bord et al., 2014). Since, information technologies are developing fast, anyone can collect a patients information, and publicize it on social media, jeopardizing and breaching privacy and confidentiality (John, 2016). Legal issues Confidentiality is pivotal in building trust with patients in improving their welfare. It was on that basis, The Mental Health Act, 2014, was amended, incorporating mental health principles. According to it, a provider of mental health service must respect the provisions of the Act, and make it mandatory to provide the service in the least restrictive manner with apt supportive decision making, promoting recovery. But, how far this Section can be relied upon is still not experimented. However, it underlines that when people who are responsible make decisions, such actions need to have some risks too (Victoria Aid, 2016). In addition is the privacy and confidentiality rights. The rights demand cautious balancing to cope with augmented recognition of the support-peoples role in helping decision making (Victoria Aid, 2016). Health professionals are shackled with ethical and legal responsibilities to keep patient confidentiality. A breach of it will land the professional in disciplinary action and invite a lawsuit from the patient (Legal Service Commission of South Australia, 2016). Accidental breaches will be frequent, if assessments are done in open space. Likewise, utilization of computerized documentation will increase the dissemination risk to patient information (Blightman et al., 2013). Identify 2 nursing/midwifery concerns/needs with evidence from your chosen scenario. These should be directly related to the persons mental health presentation. Ensure you discuss why you have included these two particular concerns or needs. Your risk identification should be focused on the next 1-5 days of nursing/midwifery care for your client. Lorraine was tearful, restless, and in low mood, while diagnosing at the GP. She complained of panic attacks with suicide ideation. She was shaking, sweating, and breathing rapidly all the time. The author understood she was under stress, and having competence in giving medication, the initial thought was to get directions from the physician whether to give her a sudden relief, in line with the ethical principle of Beneficence. But, leaving the internal conflicts to subside, the author went through the clients presentation, took answers to the questionnaire, assessed it, and conducted the diagnosis. After clinical testing, appraised the treatment processes, and initiated the support systems, and contacted the physician for instructions. When Lorraine revealed that she was pregnant, the author was caught in an ethical dilemma, knowing that an antidepressant would give a sudden relief; but, the moral reasoning brought confusion, such that the autonomy and non-maleficence principles began conflicting with the Principles of Beneficence and Justice. Because, as per physicians direction, if antidepressants, like SSRI or venlafaxine were given to pregnant women predisposed to depression, it would increase risks in birth defects. And, if left untreated, it would bring adverse effects to the mother and infant (Pearlstein, 2015). Another problem was whether Lorraine would accept the medication, because, she revealed earlier that she had discontinued the previous treatment, due to spaced out. Moreover, she had stigma problems, which could affect her decision making. So, the author was doubtful about her capacity to hold its legal responsibility, and the reasonableness in applying the Autonomy principle. Therefore, the author adopted a paternalistic approach, thinking that it would be justified as supporting with the principle of beneficence (Bhanj, 2013). For each nursing problem you have identified in Question 4, outline and describe TWO evidence based nursing interventions to support the person and how would you do it? Mental health care promotes mental wellbeing of patients (Scott et al., 2012), through evidence based nursing interventions. Considering the state Lorraine is in, the author will communicate in a proactive way to calm her down, and build trust. After observation, she will be given a questionnaire to answer. An informed consent will be secured, and check again to know her voluntary acceptance of treatment and medication. If it is affirmative, steps for immediate interventions will be taken with the guidance of the physician to alleviate her mental health problems. The models intended for this purpose are psychological, social, biological, and biopsychosocial interventions. Psychological intervention This intervention encompasses counseling, conflict solutions, creative therapy, cognitive and spiritual interventions, education, etc. On the first day, Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) will be given to Lorraine for tranquilizing her, and lessen the chances of harming her baby. After medication, she can sleep, under observation by the nursing assistant (Zauszniewski et al., 2012). Counselling, education, training, conflict solutions, etc., will be done the next day (Zauszniewski et al., 2012). During the 1-5 days, the progress will be checked and recorded. If it does not work properly, systemic changes will be made. Medication will be continued, and if improved, the patient will be discharged, with instructions to continue medication. Social Intervention Social Intervention involves the patients environment and the stress factors. Counseling, environmental management, vocational and creative rehabilitation, skills training, home visit, etc., are priorities in this intervention (Zauszniewski et al., 2012). The treatment will be continued throughout the five days, and the progress will be recorded. The patient will be trained in vocational and creative activities. The medication, if needed, will be continued, according to the advice of the physician. Biological Intervention The biological model concentrates on activities, nutrition, medication management, etc., and seeks the support of psychopharmacology and light therapy, along with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Repeated magnetic stimulation improves depression (Zauszniewski et al., 2012). The result will be checked daily, and if the patient has no progress at the end of 5 days, guidance will be sought from the physician for systemic changes. Medication will be regulated, corresponding to patients improvement. Biopsychosocial Intervention This collaborative intervention model is an amalgamation of the aforesaid three interventions to derive better outcomes (Zauszniewski et al., 2012). The details of progress will be recorded daily, and medication continued throughout the five days. If illness improved, the patient will be discharged with instructions. During the five days, constructive feedback from the client will be obtained for all of the above interventions, by building up trust, harmony, and support. Special attention will be given to caring for the patients needs. A change in the environment will be done to relieve stress. Irrespective of the places, a discharge plan will be prepared for the patient, each day. References Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2012). Perinatal depression: data from the 2010 Australian National Infant Feeding Survey. AIHW: Canberra. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2016). Risk factors to health. Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/risk-factors/ Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2015). Mental Health Statistics. Category No. 4330.0. 55.004, Canberra. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2014). Australias health 2014. Australias health series no. 14. Cat. No. AUS 178. Canberra: AIHW. Australian Nursing Midwifery Federation. (2016). New RN standards for practice released. Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 from https://anmf.org.au/news/entry/new-rn-standards-for-practice-released Bhanji, S. M. (2013). Health Care Ethics. J Clinic Res Bioeth 4:142. doi:10.4172/2155-9627.1000142. Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 from https://www.omicsonline.org/health-care-ethics-2155-9627.1000142.php?aid=14545 Beauchamp, T. L., Childress.J. F. (2013). Principles of Biomedical Ethics. 7th Edition.Oxford University Press, Oxford. ISBN: 978-0-19-992458-5. Blightman, K., Griffiths, S. E., Danbury, C. (2013). Patient confidentiality: when can a breach be justified? Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain. doi: 10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkt032 Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R. C., Demyttenaere, K., Bonnewyn, A., Nock, M. K. (2015). . Examination of the population attributable risk of different risk factor domains for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 187, 66 72. Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 from https://www.jad-journal.com/article/S0165- 0327(15)30188-9/fulltext Castro, J. Billick, S. (2013). Psychiatric Presentations/Manifestations of Medical Illnesses. Psychiatric Quarterly, 84: 351. doi:10.1007/s11126-012-9251-1. Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11126-012-9251-1 Confidentiality. Bord, J. D., Burke, W., Denise M. Dudzinski, D. M. (2014) . Confidentiality. ETHICS IN MEDICINE. University of Washington School of Medicine Danzer, G., Stone, W.A. (2015). The give and take of freedom: The role of involuntary hospitalization and treatment in recovery from mental illness. Bull Menninger Clin. 79(3):255-80. doi: 10.1521/bumc.2015.79.3.255. DoHA. (2013). National Mental Health Report 2013: tracking progress of mental health reform in Australia 19932011. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia Edward, R. D. (2015). Mental Health and Mental Illness. MedicineNet.com. Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 fromhttps://www.medicinenet.com/mental_health_psychology/page3.htm John, S. (2016). Information Technology and Moral Values, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2016 Edition). Retrieved 4 Sept., 2016 from https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2016/entries/it-moral-values Klves, K., Milner, M., McKay, K., De Leo, D. (2012). Suicide in rural and remote areas of Australia. Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Brisbane. 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